>>Overview
Bruises are injuries to the soft tissue
It is an 'area of discoloration' on the skin
Other names - Hematoma, Contusion
Can last for days to several months
>>Causes
Sports Injuries
Accidents
Falls
Blows from objects/people
Chances increase if taking medications, like Aspirin
>>Types
Subcutaneous-underneath the skin
Intramuscular - within the underlying muscles
Periosteal-bruise related to bone
>>Related events
Small veins and capillaries under the skin breaks
Blood escapes and collects under skin
In the beginning bruises look purplish or red
In 2 days it may change to black or blue color
It changes to a green/yellow color in 5 days
Changes to a brown shade in 10-14 days
It further lightens and fades away
The changing colors indicates red cell metabolism
>>Symptoms
Pain
Swelling
Discoloration
>>Treatment
Most bruises vanish in 2 weeks time
No bandage required if skin is not broken
Keep bruised area raised
Apply cold compress, ½ hr to one hr at a time
Continue this for two days
Do not apply ice directly on skin
Can take pain killing medications, like acetaminophen
Avoid draining the bruise using needle
Avoid using the bruised part
For more serious injury consult a doctor
Consult also in case of spontaneous injury/infection
Protein-bioflavinoids-Vit C rich food helps healing
>>Prevention
Teach children safety measures
Avoid falls around house
Wear seat belts while driving
Wear helmet while riding
While sporting, pad frequently- bruised areas
